The Indian monsoon, a lifeline for millions in South Asia, is a complex phenomenon influenced by various factors. While El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) often takes center stage, the Indian Ocean Dipole UPSC also plays a crucial role in shaping the monsoon's intensity and distribution. Understanding the IOD is essential for UPSC aspirants, particularly in the context of GS Paper I ... https://tarunias.com/mains-articles/indian-ocean-dipole-meaning-phases-impacts-upsc/